[Breaking news update, posted at 2:12 p.m.]
Jurors in the Boston Marathon bombing trial have found Dzhokhar Tsarnaev guilty of conspiracy to use a weapon of mass destruction resulting in death, a charge that carries a possible penalty of death.
[Breaking news update, posted at 2:09 p.m.]
The jury has been brought into the courtroom. The verdict is expected to be read shortly.
[Breaking news update, posted at 1:53 p.m.]
A verdict has been reached in the Boston Marathon bombing trial.
The jury deliberated for 11½ hours before reaching Wednesday’s verdict.
[Original story, published at 9:50 a.m.]
Jurors in the trial of accused Boston Marathon bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev asked the judge two questions Wednesday, looking for guidance on key decisions in the case.
The jury asked whether a conspiracy can pertain to either a sequence of events or a single event.
“Conspiracy is an agreement between two people to commit unlawful acts,” U.S. District Judge George O’Toole replied. “The scope of a conspiracy and the duration of a conspiracy are questions of fact for you to determine.”
The second question was about the difference between aiding and abetting. The judge said aiding and abetting is a single concept, and that to aid and abet is to help someone intentionally commit a criminal offense.
The jury resumed deliberations Wednesday morning after seven hours of deliberations Tuesday, which followed weeks of dramatic and emotionally wrenching testimony.
Tsarnaev, 21, could face life in prison or the death penalty.
On Monday, the jury saw a video of the moment a bomb exploded and disemboweled an 8-year-old boy and ripped the leg off his sister. The blast killed a 23-year-old graduate student from China. The jurors heard more horror from April 15, 2013. At one point, prosecutors played a video that showed the scene after a bomb exploded — blood and injured victims everywhere and the sounds of a child howling. His mother lost her leg.
“The defendant brought terrorism into the backyards and main streets,” Assistant U.S. Attorney Aloke Chakravarty said. “The defendant thought that his values were more important than the people around him. He wanted to awake the mujahedeen, the holy warriors, so he chose Patriots’ Day, Marathon Monday,” a time for families to gather and watch the marathon.
Tsarnaev’s defense attorney Judy Clarke tried to persuade jurors that her client’s older brother, 26-year-old Tamerlan Tsarnaev, who died in a shootout with police days after the terror attack, was the instigator of the marathon plot. The younger man, Clarke said, was only following his older brother.
“If not for Tamerlan, it would not have happened,” Clarke argued.
Bomb survivors and victims’ family members wiped away tears and comforted one another in court.
Tsarnaev fidgeted at the defense table as he has done throughout the trial.
Bill Richard, father of bomb victim Martin Richard, 8, craned his neck to watch Tsarnaev as the prosecutor spoke.
Dzhokhar Tsarnaev “chose a day when the eyes of the world would be on Boston,” Chakravarty said. “He chose a day when there would be civilians on the sidewalks, and he targeted those civilians: men, women and children.”
The lawyer waited a beat.
“He wanted to terrorize this country. He wanted to punish America for what it was doing to his people.”
The prosecutor showed a picture of Dzhokhar Tsarnaev and his brother, Tamerlan, in the marathon crowd.
The day of the bombings, Chakravarty said, “they felt they were soldiers. They were the mujahedeen and they were bringing their battle to Boston.”
The counts and possible consequences
Tsarnaev is accused of 30 counts, including setting off weapons of mass destruction at a public event as an act of terrorism. Seventeen of those counts carry a sentence of death or life imprisonment.
If Tsarnaev is found guilty of at least one of the 17 capital counts, the trial will proceed to a second phase, the so-called penalty phase.
That part of the trial will include evidence of aggravating and mitigating factors, and the jury will be asked to weigh elements that make this crime especially heinous against details from Tsarnaev’s background and mental health history that would weigh in his favor.
Since testimony began March 4, federal prosecutors have called 92 witnesses, and the defense just four. It seemed a mismatch from the start. “He was there,” Clarke conceded as the trial opened, but the defense strategy always had been to focus on persuading the jury to spare Tsarnaev’s life.
Jurors were shown a photo of Tsarnaev standing by a tree behind the family of Martin Richard.
“These children weren’t innocent to him,” the prosecutor said. “They were American. He knew what that bag was designed to do.”
Chakravarty quoted Martin’s father who earlier testified, “I guess we were just unlucky that day.”
But luck had nothing to do with the Boston bombings, the prosecutor said.
“This was a cold, intentional, terrorist act,” he said. The brothers’ acts that day were intended, he said, “to make a point. To tell America, ‘We won’t be terrorized by you anymore. We will terrorize you.’ “
Retelling a terrifying day
The defense has maintained that Tsarnaev, who was 19 and flunking out of college at the University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth, fell under the sway of his older, more radicalized brother.
“In the past few weeks, we have come face to face with tragedy, suffering and grief in dimensions none of us could imagine,” Clarke said. “We’ve heard words, we’ve heard screams and we’ve heard cries. For this suffering and pain, there is no excuse.”
She acknowledged her client participated in a “senseless act.”
Tamerlan Tsarnaev, a Golden Gloves boxer, had hoped to wage jihad, and his slacker younger brother was just along for the ride, the defense has maintained.
During the 15-minute rebuttal period, prosecutor William Weinreb told jurors not to be distracted by the defense’s “attempt to point the finger at somebody else.”
“There should be no doubt in your mind that the defendant and his brother are equally guilty,” he said. They were “partners in crime.”
Weinreb pointed out that after the bombing, Tsarnaev went to the grocery store.
“Tamerlan Tsarnaev didn’t turn his brother into a murderer. To shred the bodies of women and children with a homemade type of bomb, you have to be different from other people,” the prosecutor said. “If you are capable of such hate, such callousness that you can murder and maim 20 people and then drive to Whole Foods and buy some milk, can you really blame it on your brother?”
Final moments of the victims
From the start, prosecutors presented a compelling case in which the horrors of April 15 to 19, 2013, were vividly brought to life once again.
They began with the stories of bombing survivors and first responders, who described acts of courage and compassion amid madness and chaos.
The final moments of the three Boston Marathon spectators who died were recounted by the people who were by their sides.
According to testimony, Tamerlan Tsarnaev set off a bomb made from a 6-quart pressure cooker, explosive powder from fireworks, duct tape, nails and BBs on Boylston Street near the finish line. That bomb, which exploded near Marathon Sports, claimed the life of Krystle Campbell, a 29-year-old restaurant manager.
Twelve seconds later, Dzhokhar Tsarnaev allegedly detonated a second, similar bomb outside the Forum restaurant, slightly more than a block away. That blast killed the boy, Martin Richard, and Lingzi Lu, 23, a graduate student from China.
Chakravarty’s voice grew soft Monday as he recalled the victims:
Martin’s 69-pound body “was shattered, broken, eviscerated, burned. There wasn’t a part of this boy’s body that wasn’t destroyed.”
Lu “received blast injuries all over her body. Her leg was torn open, and she bled out.”
Campbell died in less than a minute from “massive blast injuries to her lower extremities. Parts of her body were shredded.”
Sean Collier, the MIT campus police officer killed three days after the bombings, “never had a chance.” He was shot between the eyes. “They assassinated him.”
The brothers allegedly killed the 26-year-old officer for his service weapon but couldn’t pry it loose from a safety holster.
Carjacked by the brothers
Dun Meng told the jury about his frightening 90 minutes with two carjackers, one who admitted being involved in the marathon bombing. He identified that person as Tamerlan Tsarnaev.
Police fired 210 rounds at the brothers when they tracked a GPS device in Meng’s stolen Mercedes and cornered them in Watertown, Massachusetts. Dzhokhar Tsarnaev struck Tamerlan, who was wounded, when he charged police in the car. Tamerlan died of his injuries.
“Tamerlan wanted suicide by cop,” the prosecutor said Monday. “He was ready for heaven. But the defendant had other plans.”
Dzhokhar ditched the stolen car and sought shelter in a dry-docked boat parked in a trailer in a backyard in Watertown. As he hid, he used a pencil to scrawl what prosecutors called a “manifesto” in which he said he was jealous of his brother for dying as a martyr and reaching paradise. He also lashed out at the United States for policies he said killed Muslims, writing, “I can’t stand to see such evil go unpunished. We Muslims are one body, you hurt one you hurt us all.”
Federal prosecutors also presented evidence gleaned from searches of the brothers’ computers, including militant literature written by top al Qaeda leaders. And they traced the purchase of the pressure cookers, ammunition and BBs, which appeared to have been made by Tamerlan.
